Effect of myrrh and thyme on Trichinella spiralisenteral and parenteral phases with inducible nitric oxide expression in mice

Trichinellosis is a serious disease with no satisfactory treatment. We aimed to assess the effect of myrrh (Commiphora molmol) and, for the first time, thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) against enteral and encysted (parenteral) phases of Trichinella spiralis in mice compared with albendazole, and detect their effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Oral administration of 500 mg/kg of myrrh and thyme led to adult reduction (90.9%, 79.4%), while 1,000 mg/kg led to larvae reduction (79.6%, 71.3%), respectively. Administration of 50 mg/kg of albendazole resulted in adult and larvae reduction (94.2%, 90.9%). Positive immunostaining of inflammatory cells infiltrating intestinal mucosa and submucosa of all treated groups was detected. Myrrh-treated mice showed the highest iNOS expression followed by albendazole, then thyme. On the other hand, both myrrh and thyme-treated groups showed stronger iNOS expression of inflammatory cells infiltrating and surrounding encapsulated T. spiralis larvae than albendazole treated group. In conclusion, myrrh and thyme extracts are highly effective against both phases of T. spiralis and showed strong iNOS expressions, especially myrrh which could be a promising alternative drug. This experiment provides a basis for further exploration of this plant by isolation and retesting the active principles of both extracts against different stages of T. spiralis.

Efficacy of albendazole against early and late stage of Trichinella spiralis infection in mice.

Efficacy of albendazole against early and late stage of Trichinella spiralis infection in mice was determined. To determine the efficacy of albendazole against the early stage (enteral phase) of trichinosis, mice experimentally infected with T. spiralis were treated with albendazole 20 mg/kg at 7 days post infection for 15 days. Larvae were recovered from the infected mice 7 days after the treatment. The reduction rate of the larvae was 100 per cent. Efficacy of albendazole against the late stage (parenteral phase) of infection was determined at 30 days post infection. Mice were treated with albendazole at 20 mg/kg for 30 days. Larvae were recovered from the infected mice 7 days after the treatment. The reduction rate of the larvae was 71 per cent compared to the control group. In conclusion, albendazole was more effective in the early stage of infection than the late stage, the reduction was 100 per cent and 71 per cent with respect to the control group respectively.

Triquinosis: importancia del caso índice / Trichinosis: importance of the index case

Se reporta el caso de un paciente varón de 28 años, previamente sano, proveniente de Curicó, que tras haber ingerido carne de cerdo faenado en domicilio, inició un cuadro clínico y exámenes de laboratorio altamente sugerentes triquinosis. Se notificó de inmediato a la sección de Epidemiología del ministerio de Salud, con lo que se logró precozmente encontrar al resto de los afectados y decomisar la carne contaminada para evitar nuevos casos, destacando de esta forma la importancia del caso índice. Posteriormente se apoyó el diagnóstico con test de ELISA para trichinella spiralis, y se inició el tratamiento anti parasitario con albendazol y sintomático, con lo cual el paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Se destaca la importancia del diagnóstico precoz y de la oportuna notificación a las autoridades sanitarias cuando se tiene un cuadro clínico compatible, y exámenes de laboratorio generales, como hemograma y los niveles de CPK alterados, aun cuando no se disponga de exámenes serológicos específicos, como ELISA para triquinosis

Effect of ivermectin on experimental trichinosis

This work was carried out to assess its effect against T. spiralis infection in Swiss albino mice as a single dose treatment. Ivermectin was administered to infected mice one day before, the same day, 5, 10 and 35 days post Trichinella infection. Assessment of the drug effect was done through a parasitological study, which included adult count, larval count, measurements of the length of the adult females, larvae and the reproductive capacity index as well as scanning electron microscopic study of the adult and larva. The results showed that the administration of ivermectin on the same day of infection was most effective and its effect diminished progressively

effect of ivermectin on trichinella spiralis in mice

The effect of ivermectin on Trichinella spiralis was studied in Swiss albino mice. The drug was given in 3 different doses [200 mug, 500 mug and 1 mg/kg] in the early intestinal, preencystment and late encystment stages. The drug was effective against the adult worms giving cure rates of 80.2% when given in the low dose up to 89.7% when given in the high dose, with a subsequent reduction in the muscle larval count by 78.8% to 93.3%. The drug was moderately effective against the early muscle larval stages where it produced a reduction in the muscle larval count between 35% and 71.2% when applied in the preencystment stage. In the late encystment stage, the drug was poorly effective against the encysted larvae, reducing their number by 16.4% to 40.6% in comparison with the control. The histopathological findings confirmed the results in terms of the density of muscle larvae and the degree of inflammatory cellular reaction around

Anti-nematode activity of sixteen compounds against Trichinella spiralis in mice--a possible new screen for macrofilaricides.

There are few small animals models for filariasis, even more so for onchocerciasis. Therefore it is difficult to test under drug screening conditions large numbers of potentially macrofilaricidal compounds. One way around this difficulty is to use mice infected with Trichinella spiralis which by reason of anatomical location in the host would show some correlation in antinematode activity between the test and target organisms. This study investigated the activity of 16 compounds against the immature larval stage of T. spiralis. All the nine benzimidazole compounds (albendazole, flubendazole, mebendazole, oxfendazole, oxibendazole 780118, 780120, 790163, and 790392) were active, the most potent being oxfendazole. The benzothiazoles (CGP21306, CGP20376, CGP21833 and CGP24588A) also indicated some anti-nematode activity together with 35vr, an imidazopyridine, but not as marked as the benzimidazole group. However, the organic arsenical compounds (Mel Ga and Mel Ni) showed little activity and this was at a rather highly toxic level. The prospects of using the Trichinella-mouse model as a primary screen to test for potential macrofilaricides are discussed.